A fiber is a cell which is a typical dead plant cell with two pointed ends, thick skin, and void in the middle. The fibers (cells) are characterized by being thin and long, with spindle-like ends, flexible, and have a certain binding force with each other after interweaving. The fiber cell is empty inside and surrounded by the cell wall which is composed of cellulose, lignin and hemicelluloses in addition to pectin, extract, ash and others.
As for cellulose, the most basic component of a fibrocyte is a straight-chain polymerisation of d-mono-glucose. The molecular formula is (C6 H10O5)n, which is very stable in atmospheric environment.
Hemicellulose is a copolymer with branched chains composed of a number of different groups like oligosaccharide and polymannose.
Lignin is a kind of aromatic polymer consisting of phenylpropane with a complex molecular structure.
Extract can be soluble in some solvents, mainly low molecular carbohydrates, fatty acids, pigments, etc.
Ash and other substances are insoluble in neutral organic solvents, including inorganic matter, starch and pectin.
From a statistical point of view, cellulose can be called as a framework; Lignin is called the encrustation substance; Fiber material is called interstitial material. The filament winding layers of cellulose can even be separated into dozens to more than 200 layers. These polygonal layers can increase the mechanical strength of the cell wall. Even the smooth cotton fiber surface also has small cavities. Therefore, the fiber structure is a complex porous system.
ARBOCELI is a kind of natural fiber made from the wood pulp of birch or fir, which has strong fibers.